Head and Neck Cancer | Community Health

Head and neck cancer encompasses a range of cancers that develop in the head and neck region, including oral, laryngeal, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and salivary gland cancers. Symptoms vary widely depending on the location of the cancer, but can include ulcers in the mouth, changes in voice, difficulty swallowing, and neck lumps. The majority of head and neck cancers are caused by alcohol or tobacco use, with an increasing number linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV). Other risk factors include the Epstein-Barr virus, betel quid chewing, radiation exposure, poor nutrition, and workplace exposure to toxic substances. With about 90% of cases classified as squamous cell cancers, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes. According to the [[national-cancer-institute|National Cancer Institute]], head and neck cancer accounts for approximately 3% of all new cancer cases in the United States. The [[american-cancer-society|American Cancer Society]] estimates that over 65,000 new cases of head and neck cancer are diagnosed each year, resulting in around 14,000 deaths. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for head and neck cancer is essential for reducing its impact and improving patient outcomes.