Genetic Discrimination | Community Health

Genetic discrimination occurs when people are treated differently due to their genetic mutations or perceived genetic risks, affecting their employment, insurance, and social opportunities. This form of discrimination is rooted in genetic determinism and essentialism, and is considered a violation of human rights. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), genetic discrimination can have severe consequences on an individual's mental and physical health. The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) estimates that over 10,000 genetic disorders can be diagnosed through genetic testing, making genetic discrimination a growing concern. In the United States, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) of 2008 aims to protect individuals from genetic discrimination in employment and health insurance. Despite these efforts, genetic discrimination remains a significant issue, with a study by the American Journal of Human Genetics finding that 1 in 5 individuals with a genetic disorder experience discrimination. As genetic testing becomes more prevalent, it is essential to address genetic discrimination and promote genetic literacy to ensure that individuals are not unfairly treated based on their genetic makeup.